Shimla, September 28, 2025: Himachal Pradesh’s Spiti Valley in Lahaul-Spiti district has been recognised globally as India’s first Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve under UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme. The announcement came during the 37th International Coordinating Council (MAB-ICC) meeting held in Hangzhou, China, from September 26 to 28. With this addition, India now has 13 biosphere reserves listed in UNESCO’s global MAB network.
Chief Minister Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu lauded the recognition, attributing it to the state government’s efforts and the commitment of local communities toward protecting Spiti’s delicate ecosystem. He emphasised that Himachal Pradesh would continue balancing developmental needs with ecological conservation, particularly in the face of climate change challenges.
The Spiti Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve spans 7,770 sq. km, covering the Spiti Wildlife Division and neighbouring areas of the Lahaul Forest Division, including Baralacha Pass, Bharatpur, and Sarchu. Positioned between altitudes of 3,300 and 6,600 metres, the reserve falls within the Trans-Himalaya biogeographic province.
The reserve is structured into three zones: a 2,665 sq. km core zone, a 3,977 sq. km buffer zone, and a 1,128 sq. km transition zone. It incorporates Pin Valley National Park, Kibber Wildlife Sanctuary, Chandratal Wetland, and the Sarchu Plains, forming a unique cold desert ecosystem shaped by harsh climates, rugged terrain, and fragile soils.
The region hosts 655 herb species, 41 shrubs, and 17 tree species, including rare medicinal plants vital to the Sowa Rigpa/Amchi healing tradition. Its wildlife includes 17 mammal species and 119 bird species, with the elusive Snow Leopard as the flagship species. Other notable species include the Tibetan wolf, red fox, ibex, blue sheep, Himalayan snow cock, golden eagle, and bearded vulture.
Amitabh Gautam, PCCF (Wildlife), highlighted that the UNESCO recognition would enhance international conservation partnerships, boost eco-tourism, strengthen local livelihoods, and support India’s climate resilience initiatives in the Himalayan region.
