Stockholm, October 7, 2025: The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded to American scientists John Clarke, Michel Devoret, and John Martinis for their pioneering work on quantum phenomena in electrical circuits, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced on Tuesday.
The trio was recognised for their groundbreaking demonstration of large-scale quantum tunneling and quantized energy levels in electrical circuits — effects previously thought impossible in macroscopic systems.
In classical physics, objects bounce off barriers, but in the quantum realm, particles can sometimes pass through obstacles, a phenomenon known as quantum tunneling. Clarke, Devoret, and Martinis successfully observed this effect in large electrical circuits, bridging the gap between theoretical physics and practical engineering applications.
They also identified discrete energy levels within these circuits, known as quantization, a discovery that lays the foundation for future quantum technologies. Experts believe their research could transform quantum computing, semiconductor design, and microchip technology, enabling faster, more efficient digital devices.
The Nobel laureates will each receive 11 million Swedish kronor (around ₹10.3 crore), along with a gold medal and an official certificate. The award ceremony is scheduled for December 10, 2025, in Stockholm.
2025 Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded to John Clarke, Michel Devoret, and John Martinis for Quantum Breakthrough
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